Find y(0.2) for `y'=-y`, `x_0=0, y_0=1`, with step length 0.1 using Runge-Kutta 3 method (first order differential equation) Solution:Given `y'=-y, y(0)=1, h=0.1, y(0.2)=?`
Third order Runge-Kutta (RK3) method formula
`k_1=f(x_n,y_n)`
`k_2=f(x_n+h/2,y_n+(hk_1)/2)`
`k_3=f(x_n+h,y_n+2hk_2-hk_1)`
`y_(n+1)=y_n+h/6(k_1+4k_2+k_3)`
for `n=0,x_0=0,y_0=1`
`k_1=f(x_0,y_0)`
`=f(0,1)`
`=-1`
`k_2=f(x_0+h/2,y_0+(hk_1)/2)`
`=f(0.05,0.95)`
`=-0.95`
`k_3=f(x_0+h,y_0+2hk_2-hk_1)`
`=f(0.1,0.91)`
`=-0.91`
`y_1=y_0+h/6(k_1+4k_2+k_3)`
`=1+(0.1)/6[-1+4(-0.95)+(-0.91)]`
`=0.9048`
`x_1=x_0+h=0+0.1=0.1`
for `n=1,x_1=0.1,y_1=0.9048`
`k_1=f(x_1,y_1)`
`=f(0.1,0.9048)`
`=-0.9048`
`k_2=f(x_1+h/2,y_1+(hk_1)/2)`
`=f(0.15,0.8596)`
`=-0.8596`
`k_3=f(x_1+h,y_1+2hk_2-hk_1)`
`=f(0.2,0.8234)`
`=-0.8234`
`y_2=y_1+h/6(k_1+4k_2+k_3)`
`=0.9048+(0.1)/6[-0.9048+4(-0.8596)+(-0.8234)]`
`=0.8187`
`x_2=x_1+h=0.1+0.1=0.2`
`:.y(0.2)=0.8187`
| `n` | `x_n` | `y_n` | `k_1` | `k_2` | `k_3` | `x_(n+1)` | `y_(n+1)` |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | -1 | -0.95 | -0.91 | 0.1 | 0.9048 |
| 1 | 0.1 | 0.9048 | -0.9048 | -0.8596 | -0.8234 | 0.2 | 0.8187 |
This material is intended as a summary. Use your textbook for detail explanation.
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