1. Chaocipher encoder

Text : hello world
Left Disk Alphabet : fbtqcwvkideuagxsyhmpjnrozl
Right Disk Alphabet : ouzdinescfaxjbtphrgqwkyvml

Solution:

Text : helloworld
LEFT disk (Cipher letters) : fbtqcwvkideuagxsyhmpjnrozl (Cipher letters)
RIGHT disk (Plain letters) : ouzdinescfaxjbtphrgqwkyvml (Plain letters)

`1^(st)` letter is 'h'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'h' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'y' (of LEFT disk)

f

b

t

q

c

w

v

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

,y

h

m

p

j

n

r

o

z

l : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

o

u

z

d

i

n

e

s

c

f

a

x

j

b

t

p

h,

r

g

q

w

k

y

v

m

l : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Step-2: Permute the LEFT disk

2.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the cipher letter ('y') at the position 1 (zenith)

1

14

y

h

m

p

j

n

r

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

c

w

v

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

2.2 Extract the letter at position 2 (zenith+1) ('h') and leave the position 2 empty

1

14

y

_

m

p

j

n

r

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

c

w

v

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

2.3 Left Shift all letters from position 3 (zenith+2) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

y

m

p

j

n

r

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

_

c

w

v

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

2.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('h') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

y

m

p

j

n

r

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

v

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

Step-3: Permute the RIGHT disk

3.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the plain letter ('h') at the position 26 (zenith-1)

1

14

r

g

q

w

k

y

v

m

l

o

u

z

d

i

n

e

s

c

f

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

3.2 Extract the letter at position 3 (zenith+2) ('q') and leave the position 3 empty

1

14

r

g

_

w

k

y

v

m

l

o

u

z

d

i

n

e

s

c

f

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

3.3 Left Shift all letters from position 4 (zenith+3) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

r

g

w

k

y

v

m

l

o

u

z

d

i

_

n

e

s

c

f

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

3.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('q') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

r

g

w

k

y

v

m

l

o

u

z

d

i

q

n

e

s

c

f

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

---

`2^(nd)` letter is 'e'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'e' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'w' (of LEFT disk)

y

m

p

j

n

r

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

,w

v

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

r

g

w

k

y

v

m

l

o

u

z

d

i

q

n

e,

s

c

f

a

x

j

b

t

p

h : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Step-2: Permute the LEFT disk

2.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the cipher letter ('w') at the position 1 (zenith)

1

14

w

v

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

j

n

r

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

2.2 Extract the letter at position 2 (zenith+1) ('v') and leave the position 2 empty

1

14

w

_

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

j

n

r

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

2.3 Left Shift all letters from position 3 (zenith+2) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

w

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

_

j

n

r

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

2.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('v') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

w

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

Step-3: Permute the RIGHT disk

3.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the plain letter ('e') at the position 26 (zenith-1)

1

14

s

c

f

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

y

v

m

l

o

u

z

d

i

q

n

e

3.2 Extract the letter at position 3 (zenith+2) ('f') and leave the position 3 empty

1

14

s

c

_

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

y

v

m

l

o

u

z

d

i

q

n

e

3.3 Left Shift all letters from position 4 (zenith+3) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

s

c

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

_

y

v

m

l

o

u

z

d

i

q

n

e

3.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('f') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

s

c

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

o

u

z

d

i

q

n

e

---

`3^(rd)` letter is 'l'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'l' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'o' (of LEFT disk)

w

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

,o

z

l

f

b

t

q

h

c : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

s

c

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l,

o

u

z

d

i

q

n

e : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Step-2: Permute the LEFT disk

2.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the cipher letter ('o') at the position 1 (zenith)

1

14

o

z

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

2.2 Extract the letter at position 2 (zenith+1) ('z') and leave the position 2 empty

1

14

o

_

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

2.3 Left Shift all letters from position 3 (zenith+2) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

o

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

_

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

2.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('z') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

o

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

Step-3: Permute the RIGHT disk

3.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the plain letter ('l') at the position 26 (zenith-1)

1

14

o

u

z

d

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

3.2 Extract the letter at position 3 (zenith+2) ('z') and leave the position 3 empty

1

14

o

u

_

d

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

3.3 Left Shift all letters from position 4 (zenith+3) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

o

u

d

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

_

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

3.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('z') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

o

u

d

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

---

`4^(th)` letter is 'l'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'l' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'r' (of LEFT disk)

o

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

,r : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

o

u

d

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l, : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Step-2: Permute the LEFT disk

2.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the cipher letter ('r') at the position 1 (zenith)

1

14

r

o

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

2.2 Extract the letter at position 2 (zenith+1) ('o') and leave the position 2 empty

1

14

r

_

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

2.3 Left Shift all letters from position 3 (zenith+2) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

r

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

_

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

2.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('o') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

r

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

Step-3: Permute the RIGHT disk

3.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the plain letter ('l') at the position 26 (zenith-1)

1

14

o

u

d

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

3.2 Extract the letter at position 3 (zenith+2) ('d') and leave the position 3 empty

1

14

o

u

_

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

3.3 Left Shift all letters from position 4 (zenith+3) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

o

u

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

_

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

3.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('d') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

o

u

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

d

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

---

`5^(th)` letter is 'o'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'o' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'r' (of LEFT disk)

,r

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

o,

u

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

d

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Step-2: Permute the LEFT disk

2.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the cipher letter ('r') at the position 1 (zenith)

1

14

r

l

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

2.2 Extract the letter at position 2 (zenith+1) ('l') and leave the position 2 empty

1

14

r

_

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

2.3 Left Shift all letters from position 3 (zenith+2) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

r

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

_

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

2.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('l') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

r

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

Step-3: Permute the RIGHT disk

3.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the plain letter ('o') at the position 26 (zenith-1)

1

14

u

i

q

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

d

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

o

3.2 Extract the letter at position 3 (zenith+2) ('q') and leave the position 3 empty

1

14

u

i

_

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

d

t

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

o

3.3 Left Shift all letters from position 4 (zenith+3) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

u

i

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

d

t

_

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

o

3.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('q') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

u

i

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

d

t

q

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

y

v

m

l

o

---

`6^(th)` letter is 'w'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'w' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'x' (of LEFT disk)

r

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

,x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

u

i

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

d

t

q

p

h

r

g

w,

k

f

y

v

m

l

o : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Step-2: Permute the LEFT disk

2.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the cipher letter ('x') at the position 1 (zenith)

1

14

x

s

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

2.2 Extract the letter at position 2 (zenith+1) ('s') and leave the position 2 empty

1

14

x

_

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

f

b

t

q

h

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

2.3 Left Shift all letters from position 3 (zenith+2) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

x

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

f

b

t

q

h

_

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

2.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('s') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

x

y

m

p

v

j

n

r

f

b

t

q

h

s

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

Step-3: Permute the RIGHT disk

3.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the plain letter ('w') at the position 26 (zenith-1)

1

14

k

f

y

v

m

l

o

u

i

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

d

t

q

p

h

r

g

w

3.2 Extract the letter at position 3 (zenith+2) ('y') and leave the position 3 empty

1

14

k

f

_

v

m

l

o

u

i

n

e

s

c

a

x

j

b

z

d

t

q

p

h

r

g

w

3.3 Left Shift all letters from position 4 (zenith+3) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

k

f

v

m

l

o

u

i

n

e

s

c

a

_

x

j

b

z

d

t

q

p

h

r

g

w

3.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('y') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

k

f

v

m

l

o

u

i

n

e

s

c

a

y

x

j

b

z

d

t

q

p

h

r

g

w

---

`7^(th)` letter is 'o'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'o' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'j' (of LEFT disk)

x

y

m

p

v

,j

n

r

f

b

t

q

h

s

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

l

z

u

a

g : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

k

f

v

m

l

o,

u

i

n

e

s

c

a

y

x

j

b

z

d

t

q

p

h

r

g

w : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Step-2: Permute the LEFT disk

2.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the cipher letter ('j') at the position 1 (zenith)

1

14

j

n

r

f

b

t

q

h

s

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

x

y

m

p

v

2.2 Extract the letter at position 2 (zenith+1) ('n') and leave the position 2 empty

1

14

j

_

r

f

b

t

q

h

s

c

w

k

i

d

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

x

y

m

p

v

2.3 Left Shift all letters from position 3 (zenith+2) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

j

r

f

b

t

q

h

s

c

w

k

i

d

_

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

x

y

m

p

v

2.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('n') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

j

r

f

b

t

q

h

s

c

w

k

i

d

n

e

o

l

z

u

a

g

x

y

m

p

v

Step-3: Permute the RIGHT disk

3.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the plain letter ('o') at the position 26 (zenith-1)

1

14

u

i

n

e

s

c

a

y

x

j

b

z

d

t

q

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

v

m

l

o

3.2 Extract the letter at position 3 (zenith+2) ('n') and leave the position 3 empty

1

14

u

i

_

e

s

c

a

y

x

j

b

z

d

t

q

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

v

m

l

o

3.3 Left Shift all letters from position 4 (zenith+3) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

1

14

u

i

e

s

c

a

y

x

j

b

z

d

t

_

q

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

v

m

l

o

3.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('n') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

1

14

u

i

e

s

c

a

y

x

j

b

z

d

t

n

q

p

h

r

g

w

k

f

v

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o

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`8^(th)` letter is 'r'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'r' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'z' (of LEFT disk)

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v : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

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o : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Step-2: Permute the LEFT disk

2.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the cipher letter ('z') at the position 1 (zenith)

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2.2 Extract the letter at position 2 (zenith+1) ('u') and leave the position 2 empty

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2.3 Left Shift all letters from position 3 (zenith+2) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

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2.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('u') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

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Step-3: Permute the RIGHT disk

3.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the plain letter ('r') at the position 26 (zenith-1)

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3.2 Extract the letter at position 3 (zenith+2) ('k') and leave the position 3 empty

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3.3 Left Shift all letters from position 4 (zenith+3) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

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3.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('k') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

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`9^(th)` letter is 'l'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'l' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'm' (of LEFT disk)

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l : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

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r : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Step-2: Permute the LEFT disk

2.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the cipher letter ('m') at the position 1 (zenith)

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2.2 Extract the letter at position 2 (zenith+1) ('p') and leave the position 2 empty

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2.3 Left Shift all letters from position 3 (zenith+2) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

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2.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('p') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

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Step-3: Permute the RIGHT disk

3.1 Rotate the alphabet in order to set the plain letter ('l') at the position 26 (zenith-1)

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3.2 Extract the letter at position 3 (zenith+2) ('i') and leave the position 3 empty

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3.3 Left Shift all letters from position 4 (zenith+3) to position 14 (nadir = zenith+13) and leave the position 14 empty

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3.4 Insert the previously extracted letter ('i') into the empty position 14 (nadir = zenith+13)

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`10^(th)` letter is 'd'

Step-1: For the plain letter 'd' (of RIGHT disk), the corresponding cipher letter is 'w' (of LEFT disk)

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y : LEFT disk (Cipher letters)

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l : RIGHT disk (Plain letters)

Plaintext	: helloworld
LEFT disk	: fbtqcwvkideuagxsyhmpjnrozl
RIGHT disk	: ouzdinescfaxjbtphrgqwkyvml
Ciphertext	: yworrxjzmw

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